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Charles Fergus Binns
Charles Fergus Binns (4 October 1857, Worcester — 4 December 1935, Alfred, New York) was an English-born studio potter.〔Ellen Paul Denker. ("Binns, Charles Fergus." ) In Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online, (accessed February 3, 2012; subscription required).〕 Binns was the first director of the New York State School of Clayworking and Ceramics, currently called the New York State College of Ceramics at Alfred University. He began his position in 1900 and retired in 1931. His work included authorship of several books on the history and practice of pottery. Some of his more notable students included Arthur Eugene Baggs,〔 William Victor Bragdon,〔 R. Guy Cowan,〔 Maija Grotell〔 and Elizabeth Overbeck.〔 This has led Binns to be called "the father of American studio ceramics".〔Carney, Margaret. (1998) ''Charles Fergus Binns: The Father of American Studio Ceramics.'' Hudson Hills Press. ISBN 1-55595-144-9〕
== Ceramic Technique==
Binns ceramic technique was focused around the vessel as a utilitarian object. His lasting work include vases, urns, and bowls. Binns threw each piece in three forms on a wheel, turning them on a lathe and piecing them together afterwards. One of the attributes Binns taught was known as 'dead ground.' Here the aspects that could not be as precisely controlled at the time, such as firing temperature and glaze calculations, were mitigated by a contol over glaze placement; glaze was to run to a certain point, never encroaching the foot.
As a critic and influential educator in the ceramic field, his praise of utilitarian wares with artistic quality led the Arts and Craft Movement in American studio pottery.〔
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